Ionic liquids are liquid compounds composed of cations and anions, and organic salts that are liquid at room temperature. Ionic liquids are called "green solvents" because of their low volatility, strong conductivity, high viscosity, low vapor pressure, stable properties, strong designability, good solubility for many substances, and no pollution. There are many types of ionic liquids, and different combinations of cations and anions can be changed to design different ionic liquids. Generally, cations are organic components and can be classified according to different cations. The cation of the pyrrolidine-based ionic liquid is usually N-alkyl-N-methylpyrrolidine (where the alkyl group includes ethyl, propyl, butyl, hexyl, octyl, etc.). The anion is usually tetrafluoroboric acid, hexafluorophosphoric acid, and bistrifluoromethanesulfonimide. The characteristics of ionic liquids can be adjusted by its composition, making it widely used.
Figure 1. Common composition of pyrrolidine-based ionic liquids
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